Sergio Cota
Professor Jay Lewenstein
English 009
24 July 2019
Schizophrenia: A Mental Puzzle
Although there are studies that shows that recovery from schizophrenia occurs from time to time, there is no a proper way to measure and determine how much patients have improved in their condition. It should be noted that each person is different, even when two persons suffers from the same condition may present different symptoms; consequently, a treatment that works in one patient may have side effects in another. In addition, psychologist Courtenay M. Harding warns that the recovery process is not easy or predictable. According to her, remission "carries the heavy time bomb of impending illness" (qtd. in Boodman). With this in mind, finding the right treatment in a specific mental illness can be a fight against the time that can have a great impact on patients and their recoveries. With many symptoms related to schizophrenia, and taking into account that each person can show different behaviors and effects with respect to their medication, the diagnosis and the correct treatment can be one of the most complicated factors in relation to this mental problem. In addition, a relapse or a symptom that gets out of control is a latent possibility that leaves patients with an uncertainty about what will happen next. On the other hand, probably the most famous case of schizophrenia is the one suffered by John Nash. Nash was a famous mathematician, who suffered from paranoid schizophrenia, and like other people suffering from mental problems, he tried to live a more regular life. Often, he had to take medication and enter many different hospitals several times, but Nash used his intellect to overcome it. So that around age 50 he showed an improvement in his condition even without his medication. Although it was not a complete recovery as he would have liked, it was enough to continue with his life and his career. Briefly, it’s difficult to determine what happens inside a person's mind; consequently, a person suffering from a mental illness can become unpredictable and be a complete enigma to everyone in general. Undoubtedly, until now, the study of schizophrenia is an inaccurate science; in addition, with many symptoms that can occur in many mental illnesses, making a final diagnosis about whether a person suffers from a specific mental problem can be difficult. In the same way, determining the recovery and improvement that the person has over their illness is the same or even more complicated.
In fact, the discussion about whether a recovery from schizophrenia is possible remains in the minds of experts. It should be noted that there are studies on people who show a recovery; however, these studies do not clarify the level of improvement that the person has with respect to their illness. As well as that, the factors that influenced the apparent improvement of patients remain a mystery. According to Sunday Mail, even experts do not know with certainty what it is that makes a person suffer from schizophrenia; however, they believe that some chemicals in the brain become unbalanced and affect the patient's mind. On the other hand, a person is more likely to suffer schizophrenia if a relative of hers suffers from it. To clarify, schizophrenia is a mental illness that's hereditary, and can go through generations (55). In particular, the film about Nash's life, A Beautiful Mind, shows the struggle that a person with paranoid schizophrenia can have throughout his life. The film shows how such a serious illness can wreak havoc on the person's psyche and how their world can crumble with every new symptom or hallucination that comes their way. However, these details are necessary to get a better understanding about the disorder. It should be noted how Nash uses his intellect to deal with his problem to continue with his life and career, giving hope to people suffering from the same disorder. Indeed, many people including some psychiatrists, still believe that there is no recovery from schizophrenia; consequently, they argue that people who claim to recover had it a wrong diagnosis on the first place. In fact, they are some studies that show that an improvement can happen; however, they do not seem to have a way to measure how recovery occurs, and how well the patient improves. Due to these details, it's difficult for the psychiatrist to declare that someone can be functional; on the other hand, people who work with the topic of mental health, claim that recovery can occur, but once again, because there are no concrete numbers, or a list of facts that show that improvement can happen, on the psyche of a person who is not familiar with mental health problems tend to believe that an improvement can't take place. Obviously, each person is different, so they may experience different progress on the mental illness. In particular, some claim that they have a full recover, others that have a small advance in their person, and a certain group says that they have no progress at all. In conclusion, it's hard to diagnose schizophrenia in a person, and it's even more difficult to keep track of how the patient improves or get worse. The discussion about whether it's possible to full recover still remains, even when some the studies declare that it can happen, some information is still needed to make a final conclusion on the subject.
Schizophrenia is a multi-dimensional condition and there is no one way to diagnose it’s causes or effects. In Caring for adults and mental problems writer Y. Mitchell attempts to clarify this disease for many of us who fear it. In general, schizophrenia is often related to psychosis, which is a mental problem that causes a person to see reality in different ways. However, psychotic episodes may be present in different mental illnesses, so experts can not only rely on this symptom to treat a patient. Before giving medications, doctors must be sure of the patient's condition to avoid side effects. In addition, not all patients suffer the same symptoms, and occasionally certain symptoms may appear and disappear from time to time. Because of all these symptoms, Mitchell states that experts may have difficulty diagnosing schizophrenia in a patient, and it is even more complicated to diagnose the correct treatment.
Proof of this is how schizophrenia can affect a person's mood, which is why it’s sometimes confused with a bipolar disorder. Consequently, the person is treated as a bipolar patient, while in reality the person may suffer schizophrenia; therefore, the person's recovery is affected (146). Clearly, the diagnosis of schizophrenia and probably any other mental illness is very complicated and should not be taken lightly. Mental health doctors must ensure that the patient receives the appropriate treatment, so they can begin to recover as soon as they can, but with so many symptoms can be very difficult to reach a final conclusion about the person's condition. Mitchell clarifies that in Greek, schizophrenia refers to skhizein, which means ‘to split,’ and phrēn, which means ‘mind.’ In contrast, according to Eugene Bleuler, the symptoms of divided personality do not exist in patients with schizophrenia. For this reason, Eugene Bleuler states that the first part schizein (split), refers to how the mind of the person tends to separate to see things that are real and others that are just a hallucination (qtd. in Mitchell 146). Due to this, the mind of the person can enter into conflict not being able to have a clear thought. In fact, the most characteristic symptom of a person with schizophrenia is to distort reality, which affects their perception of seeing life. With this in mind, the patient can have complications in his daily life and in relationships with people; also, sometimes people who suffer from schizophrenia tend to isolate themselves to be safe and not to disturb any other person. In addition, Gelder et al. declare that “Ten per cent of people diagnosed with schizophrenia commit suicide usually within the first year of being diagnosed with the condition” (qtd. in Mitchell 147). This illustrates how difficult life can be for people diagnosed with schizophrenia, and how sometimes they can’t handle it or do not have the right treatment to overcome it. As a result, some of them decide to end their lives to avoid suffering. In fact, a person who shows some of the many symptoms that schizophrenia can have should be treated immediately. It should be noted that with proper medication and with the support of family and friends, the patient's life can be greatly improved.
According to the website Living with Schizophrenia, the illness that John Nash suffered wreaked havoc in his personality and made him a different person he once was; however, Nash's sagacity, perception and intellect managed to help him to improve on his condition (par. 14-19). Definitely, any mental illness can have a series of symptoms that make a person act strangely and schizophrenia is no exception. Schizophrenia can confuse the mind of the person who suffers it with hallucinations, delusions and paranoid thoughts; for example, the diagnosis of John Nash is cataloged as paranoid schizophrenia, which can further complicate the relationship of the patient with the people around him. With a series of thoughts that can make the person feel insecure, people tend to isolate themselves and prefer not to deal with anyone, either because of paranoid or because they are afraid of how other people can interpret their behavior. It must be taken into account that when the patient doesn’t understand his problem and doesn’t receive adequate help, the patient's progress may be delayed. So, even when Nash was socially awkward, he was very friendly in his youth. While his mental problem wasn't fully developed at that time, once the first symptom appears on 1958 his behavior changes drastically (par. 4-7). Without a doubt, the battle to identify what is happening can be a lonely and confusing road. In addition, it seems that the disease divided his life into two. Indeed, Nash began to become more paranoid and commence to isolate himself from other people; however, later in his life, the great intellect that he developed over the years, would help him understand his situation. Nevertheless, Nash was lucky not to have to go through the old treatments of schizophrenia, such as electric shock, even when they were still present at that time; in fact, the new wave of drugs that specialized in patients with mental problems was emerging, such as Thorazine (par. 12). Because of this, he was able to leave the hospitals while he was still taking his medication; however, the medication used to alleviate his problem had certain side effects in him. Indeed, his behavior changed, affecting the way they relate to others; however, he managed to establish new relationships with the hope to live a more regular life despite his problems. For instance, the website Living with Schizophrenia explains how Nash finds a way to recover: "In the end, he concluded that his delusional thinking was ‘essentially a hopeless waste of intellectual effort’” (qtd. in par. 19), so he decides to stop taking his medications because of the side effects in his person, like the physical ones, slow movements and impotence, as well as mental, not being able to think clearly and not being able to concentrate. In the end, Nash learned to prevent his problem from interfering with his life, even when he still had certain symptoms, he managed to control it. In general, the author uses the life and experiences that John Nash had to go through in his mental illness, and how he managed to overcome it; as a result, they are trying to illustrate that there is hope for people who are dealing with this disorder. Undoubtedly, the most important point is how the intellect of a person suffering from this condition can adapts to these new set of thoughts, and how they can understand and manage them, preventing them from affecting their person on a day-today basis. To conclude, the diagnosis of any mental illness in a person can be difficult; consequently, proper treatment and care can be decisive at the beginning of the symptoms in the individual; However, the will, intellect and ingenuity on how to manage and understand their condition are details that each person must develop and do for themselves. It’s important to emphasize that an improvement can occur, and people with a mental problem should not lose hope, should adapt to this new situation.
I decided to write about schizophrenia due to the lack of understanding that people have when they mention that specific disorder. In fact, people tend to associate schizophrenia with crazy people, dangerous people, and mental institutions, so they don’t want to take the time to understand and review the information first; as a result, the facts they have in their minds may be incorrect. Additionally, currently the treatment of schizophrenia has evolved enough that electrical shock is no longer necessary, which is often associated as treatment in patients with mental health problems. Undoubtedly, the medicines have advanced so much that a person with schizophrenia can lead a more regular life if the patient has the right help. Besides that, I think everyone should learn, at least, the basic concepts on a given topic before they start talking and giving their opinion; however, it’s rare to hear conversations related to mental disorders on a normal day, for people tend to ignore these issues until someone close to them has a diagnosis with a type of mental problem. Undoubtedly, many types of disorders are still considered as “taboo”, so people suffering from a mental illness sometimes can’t find the necessary help until it’s too late, which delays their recovery. In summary, the more information we have about schizophrenia, including any other type of disorder or disease, the more aware we’ll be of how the symptoms affect the patients, how they feel emotionally, and how they perceive the world. Finally, with more information, we can help them improve their condition and reintegrate in everyday life.
Works Cited
Boodman, Sandra G. "Beautiful” -- but Not Rare -- Recovery; John Nash's Genius is Extraordinary. Recovering from Schizophrenia is Anything but.: FINAL Edition]." The Washington Post, 12 Feb. 2002. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.imperial.edu/docview/409301772?accountid=38876. Accessed 20 June 2019.
Halderman, Alex. “The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1994.” NobelPrize.org, Princeton University, 23 Feb. 2001, www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1994/nash/photo-gallery/. Accessed 18 July 2019.
“John Nash.” Living with Schizophrenia, www.livingwithschizophreniauk.org/john-nash/. Accessed 9 July 2019.
Mitchell, Y. 11 Schizophrenia and Schizophrenia-Type Disorders. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, 2006. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.imperial.edu/docview/189241756?accountid=38876. Accessed 2 July 2019.
Nye, Louise. “Schizophrenia iii.” DeviantArt, 22 Aug. 2009, www.deviantart.com/hiimlucifer/art/Schizophrenia-iii-134341739. Accessed 18 July 2019.
"What is Schizophrenia?" Sunday Mail, 09 Jan. 2005, pp. 55. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.imperial.edu/docview/325080490?accountid=38876. Accessed 1 July 2019.